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What is Carbon Footprint

Carbon Footprint

Climate change, driven by the rise in carbon dioxide (CO₂) emissions, demands urgent action.

Scientists agree that we must significantly reduce carbon emissions and actively remove CO₂ from the atmosphere to combat global warming. In 2023, global CO₂ emissions reached record levels, highlighting the need for more decisive action. According to the International Energy Agency (IEA), emissions increased by 1.1%, although investments in clean energy began to show a positive impact.

Research from the Global Carbon Project and the University of Exeter indicates that fossil fuel emissions exceeded 40 billion metric tons in 2023. This increase underscores the urgency for stronger measures, despite political progress and carbon neutrality commitments that now cover 80% of global emissions. Major policy initiatives, such as the U.S. Inflation Reduction Act, the European Green Deal, and China’s Five-Year Plan, reflect global efforts toward decarbonization.

However, the UN Environment Programme’s (UNEP) Emissions Gap Report notes that while the implementation gap is narrowing, confidence in countries meeting their carbon neutrality commitments remains low.

To meet the goals of the Paris Agreement, rapid decarbonization in key sectors is essential by 2030. The complexity and urgency of the climate crisis emphasize the need for a swift transition to a carbon-neutral economy to prevent severe climate impacts. 

A sustainable future requires sustained political commitment, substantial investments in clean technology, and global cooperation to overcome challenges and achieve meaningful reductions in carbon emissions.

Carbon credits, both mandatory and voluntary, are essential tools for reducing greenhouse gas emissions.

A carbon credit represents the reduction or capture of one metric ton of CO₂, supporting projects that mitigate these emissions.

Mandatory carbon credits are used in compliance markets, where governments set emission limits and companies must purchase credits if they exceed those limits. This cap-and-trade system encourages investment in clean technologies and emissions-reduction projects.

Voluntary carbon markets (VCM) allow companies and individuals to purchase credits to offset their emissions, demonstrating environmental responsibility. These credits fund a variety of initiatives, including reforestation and renewable energy, offering flexibility in sustainability efforts.

The VCM has grown significantly, surpassing $1 billion in 2021. This growth reflects greater awareness around carbon emissions, with projections suggesting the market must expand 15-fold by 2030 to meet global climate goals.

Despite challenges such as transparency and the risk of double counting, the VCM plays a vital role in climate change mitigation. Establishing clear regulations and improving market integrity are essential for its continued effectiveness.

To maximize the impact of carbon credits, rigorous verification processes and transparent tracking systems are necessary—ensuring each credit represents a genuine emissions reduction and contributes to global sustainability efforts.